The Inference Report
OpenAI is carving out specialized advantage in high-stakes domains by tightening control over access and capability release. The Trusted Access for Cyber program now includes GPT-5.4-Cyber, a model explicitly designed for vetted defenders, a clear signal that OpenAI sees cybersecurity as both a defensible market and a domain where unrestricted access carries real liability. The move pairs capability advancement with gating, which is the opposite of the company's consumer-facing ChatGPT onboarding materials. Google DeepMind's Gemini Robotics ER 1.6 announcement reflects a similar push into embodied reasoning, a space where real-world task performance can be measured and monetized. Meanwhile, NVIDIA is positioning quantum AI models as open-source infrastructure, a different play entirely, one that treats the foundation as a platform layer and lets others build the applications. GitHub's security game and AI21's warning about coding agent benchmark inflation both point to the same emerging problem: agent capabilities are being measured against benchmarks that don't always predict real-world reliability, and the market is starting to notice. The tension here is instructive. Specialized, gated access (OpenAI's cyber model) competes against open infrastructure plays (NVIDIA's quantum models) and against the pressure to prove agent systems actually work (GitHub and AI21's focus on real vulnerabilities and false positives). Security and robotics are where capability claims get tested against reality fastest. That's where the money follows.
Sloane Duvall
A curated reference of models from major AI labs, with open/closed weight status, input modalities, and context window size. American labs tend towards closed weights models and Chinese labs tend toward open weights models.
Amazon- Amazon: Nova 2 LiteTextVisionVideoFiles1M
- Amazon: Nova Premier 1.0TextVision1M
None
Anthropic- Anthropic: Claude Haiku 4.5VisionText200K
- Anthropic: Claude Opus 4VisionTextFiles200K
- Anthropic: Claude Opus 4.1VisionTextFiles200K
- Anthropic: Claude Opus 4.5FilesVisionText200K
- Anthropic: Claude Opus 4.6TextVision1M
- Anthropic: Claude Opus 4.6 (Fast)TextVision1M
- Anthropic: Claude Sonnet 4VisionTextFiles1M
- Anthropic: Claude Sonnet 4.5TextVisionFiles1M
- Anthropic: Claude Sonnet 4.6TextVision1M
None
Google DeepMind- Google: Gemini 2.5 FlashFilesVisionTextAudioVideo1M
- Google: Gemini 2.5 Flash LiteTextVisionFilesAudioVideo1M
- Google: Gemini 2.5 Flash Lite Preview 09-2025TextVisionFilesAudioVideo1M
- Google: Gemini 2.5 ProTextVisionFilesAudioVideo1M
- Google: Gemini 2.5 Pro Preview 05-06TextVisionFilesAudioVideo1M
- Google: Gemini 2.5 Pro Preview 06-05FilesVisionTextAudio1M
- Google: Gemini 3 Flash PreviewTextVisionFilesAudioVideo1M
- Google: Gemini 3.1 Flash Lite PreviewTextVisionVideoFilesAudio1M
- Google: Gemini 3.1 Pro PreviewAudioFilesVisionTextVideo1M
- Google: Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview Custom ToolsTextAudioVisionVideoFiles1M
- Google: Lyria 3 Clip PreviewTextVision1M
- Google: Lyria 3 Pro PreviewTextVision1M
- Google: Nano Banana (Gemini 2.5 Flash Image)VisionText33K
- Google: Nano Banana 2 (Gemini 3.1 Flash Image Preview)VisionText66K
- Google: Nano Banana Pro (Gemini 3 Pro Image Preview)VisionText66K
- Google: Gemma 3n 4BText33K
- Google: Gemma 4 26B A4B VisionTextVideo262K
- Google: Gemma 4 31BVisionTextVideo262K
MetaNone
- Meta: Llama Guard 4 12BVisionText164K
OpenAI- OpenAI: GPT AudioTextAudio128K
- OpenAI: GPT Audio MiniTextAudio128K
- OpenAI: GPT-4o AudioAudioText128K
- OpenAI: GPT-5TextVisionFiles400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5 ChatFilesVisionText128K
- OpenAI: GPT-5 CodexTextVision400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5 ImageVisionTextFiles400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5 Image MiniFilesVisionText400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5 MiniTextVisionFiles400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5 NanoTextVisionFiles400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5 ProVisionTextFiles400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.1VisionTextFiles400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.1 ChatFilesVisionText128K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.1-CodexTextVision400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.1-Codex-MaxTextVision400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.1-Codex-MiniVisionText400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.2FilesVisionText400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.2 ChatFilesVisionText128K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.2 ProVisionTextFiles400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.2-CodexTextVision400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.3 ChatTextVisionFiles128K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.3-CodexTextVisionFiles400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.4TextVisionFiles1M
- OpenAI: GPT-5.4 MiniFilesVisionText400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.4 NanoFilesVisionText400K
- OpenAI: GPT-5.4 ProTextVisionFiles1M
- OpenAI: o3 Deep ResearchVisionTextFiles200K
- OpenAI: o3 ProTextFilesVision200K
- OpenAI: o4 Mini Deep ResearchFilesVisionText200K
- OpenAI: gpt-oss-120bText131K
- OpenAI: gpt-oss-20bText131K
- OpenAI: gpt-oss-safeguard-20bText131K
xAI- xAI: Grok 3Text131K
- xAI: Grok 3 MiniText131K
- xAI: Grok 4VisionTextFiles256K
- xAI: Grok 4 FastTextVisionFiles2M
- xAI: Grok 4.1 FastTextVisionFiles2M
- xAI: Grok 4.20TextVisionFiles2M
- xAI: Grok 4.20 Multi-AgentTextVisionFiles2M
- xAI: Grok Code Fast 1Text256K
None
Mistral AI- Mistral: Codestral 2508Text256K
- Mistral: Devstral MediumText131K
- Mistral: Mistral Large 3 2512TextVision262K
- Mistral: Mistral Medium 3TextVision131K
- Mistral: Mistral Medium 3.1TextVision131K
- Mistral: Mistral Small CreativeText33K
- Mistral: Devstral 2 2512Text262K
- Mistral: Devstral Small 1.1Text131K
- Mistral: Ministral 3 14B 2512TextVision262K
- Mistral: Ministral 3 3B 2512TextVision131K
- Mistral: Ministral 3 8B 2512TextVision262K
- Mistral: Mistral Small 3.2 24BVisionText128K
- Mistral: Mistral Small 4TextVision262K
- Mistral: Voxtral Small 24B 2507TextAudio32K
AI21 LabsNone
- AI21: Jamba Large 1.7Text256K
Alibaba (Qwen)- Qwen: Qwen Plus 0728Text1M
- Qwen: Qwen Plus 0728 (thinking)Text1M
- Qwen: Qwen3 Coder FlashText1M
- Qwen: Qwen3 Coder PlusText1M
- Qwen: Qwen3 MaxText262K
- Qwen: Qwen3 Max ThinkingText262K
- Qwen: Qwen3.5 Plus 2026-02-15TextVisionVideo1M
- Qwen: Qwen3.5-FlashTextVisionVideo1M
- Qwen: Qwen3.6 PlusTextVisionVideo1M
- Qwen: Qwen3 14BText41K
- Qwen: Qwen3 235B A22BText131K
- Qwen: Qwen3 235B A22B Instruct 2507Text262K
- Qwen: Qwen3 235B A22B Thinking 2507Text131K
- Qwen: Qwen3 30B A3BText41K
- Qwen: Qwen3 30B A3B Instruct 2507Text262K
- Qwen: Qwen3 30B A3B Thinking 2507Text131K
- Qwen: Qwen3 32BText41K
- Qwen: Qwen3 8BText41K
- Qwen: Qwen3 Coder 30B A3B InstructText160K
- Qwen: Qwen3 Coder 480B A35BText262K
- Qwen: Qwen3 Coder NextText262K
- Qwen: Qwen3 Next 80B A3B InstructText262K
- Qwen: Qwen3 Next 80B A3B ThinkingText131K
- Qwen: Qwen3 VL 235B A22B InstructTextVision262K
- Qwen: Qwen3 VL 235B A22B ThinkingTextVision131K
- Qwen: Qwen3 VL 30B A3B InstructTextVision131K
- Qwen: Qwen3 VL 30B A3B ThinkingTextVision131K
- Qwen: Qwen3 VL 32B InstructTextVision131K
- Qwen: Qwen3 VL 8B InstructVisionText131K
- Qwen: Qwen3 VL 8B ThinkingVisionText131K
- Qwen: Qwen3.5 397B A17BTextVisionVideo262K
- Qwen: Qwen3.5-122B-A10BTextVisionVideo262K
- Qwen: Qwen3.5-27BTextVisionVideo262K
- Qwen: Qwen3.5-35B-A3BTextVisionVideo262K
- Qwen: Qwen3.5-9BTextVisionVideo256K
ByteDance- Seed: Seed 1.6VisionTextVideo262K
- Seed: Seed 1.6 FlashVisionTextVideo262K
- Seed: Seed-2.0-LiteTextVisionVideo262K
- Seed: Seed-2.0-MiniTextVisionVideo262K
None
DeepSeekNone
- DeepSeek: DeepSeek V3.1Text33K
- DeepSeek: DeepSeek V3.1 TerminusText164K
- DeepSeek: DeepSeek V3.2Text164K
- DeepSeek: DeepSeek V3.2 ExpText164K
- DeepSeek: DeepSeek V3.2 SpecialeText164K
- DeepSeek: R1 0528Text164K
MiniMax- MiniMax: MiniMax M1Text1M
- MiniMax: MiniMax M2-herText66K
- MiniMax: MiniMax M2Text197K
- MiniMax: MiniMax M2.1Text197K
- MiniMax: MiniMax M2.5Text197K
- MiniMax: MiniMax M2.7Text197K